birth-death range - person still alive
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
I am wondering if there exists a specific symbol or word I can use in a birth-death range. When I introduce a specific person in my main text, I use a footnote to provide the reader some additional information. I use the following syntax
Fullname, Birth--Death, Nationality Profession
Here is a example of a person who already died:
Peter Adam Baruch David Goldberg, 1923--1997, American actor
Now I want to introduce a person that has not yet deceased
Anna Maria von Hausdorff, 1988--???, Polish singer
Does there exist a symbol or an abbreviation to replace the ??? in this notion? Or can someone provide me with a best-practice method?
abbreviations dates symbols
asked Dec 23 '14 at 19:30
Peter
17235
add a comment |
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
I am wondering if there exists a specific symbol or word I can use in a birth-death range. When I introduce a specific person in my main text, I use a footnote to provide the reader some additional information. I use the following syntax
Fullname, Birth--Death, Nationality Profession
Here is a example of a person who already died:
Peter Adam Baruch David Goldberg, 1923--1997, American actor
Now I want to introduce a person that has not yet deceased
Anna Maria von Hausdorff, 1988--???, Polish singer
Does there exist a symbol or an abbreviation to replace the ??? in this notion? Or can someone provide me with a best-practice method?
abbreviations dates symbols
asked Dec 23 '14 at 19:30
Peter
17235
2
@EdwinAshworth To clarify, you mean (e.g.) "1923 - ".
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
... That is correct.
– Edwin Ashworth
Dec 24 '14 at 0:03
If you have any pretensions to writing, and this is suggested by your question, never use "--". This is not English punctuation, but a typwriter or text-only substitute for a print en dash. Find out how to obtain one in the operating system you use. On my Mac I can use the option (alt) key and the hyphen key. On more modern Macs or the iPhone I just hold the hyphen key down and get a choice. On Windows or Android it must be possible — Google for it.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:22
@MattGutting — Whether or not it is the answer to the question, "1923 - " is incorrect. It should be "1923–" — en dash and no space after the first date.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:25
add a comment |
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
up vote
2
down vote
favorite
I am wondering if there exists a specific symbol or word I can use in a birth-death range. When I introduce a specific person in my main text, I use a footnote to provide the reader some additional information. I use the following syntax
Fullname, Birth--Death, Nationality Profession
Here is a example of a person who already died:
Peter Adam Baruch David Goldberg, 1923--1997, American actor
Now I want to introduce a person that has not yet deceased
Anna Maria von Hausdorff, 1988--???, Polish singer
Does there exist a symbol or an abbreviation to replace the ??? in this notion? Or can someone provide me with a best-practice method?
abbreviations dates symbols
asked Dec 23 '14 at 19:30
Peter
17235
I am wondering if there exists a specific symbol or word I can use in a birth-death range. When I introduce a specific person in my main text, I use a footnote to provide the reader some additional information. I use the following syntax
Fullname, Birth--Death, Nationality Profession
Here is a example of a person who already died:
Peter Adam Baruch David Goldberg, 1923--1997, American actor
Now I want to introduce a person that has not yet deceased
Anna Maria von Hausdorff, 1988--???, Polish singer
Does there exist a symbol or an abbreviation to replace the ??? in this notion? Or can someone provide me with a best-practice method?
abbreviations dates symbols
abbreviations dates symbols
asked Dec 23 '14 at 19:30
Peter
17235
asked Dec 23 '14 at 19:30
Peter
17235
asked Dec 23 '14 at 19:30
Peter
17235
asked Dec 23 '14 at 19:30
Peter
17235
asked Dec 23 '14 at 19:30
Peter
17235
17235
2
@EdwinAshworth To clarify, you mean (e.g.) "1923 - ".
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
... That is correct.
– Edwin Ashworth
Dec 24 '14 at 0:03
If you have any pretensions to writing, and this is suggested by your question, never use "--". This is not English punctuation, but a typwriter or text-only substitute for a print en dash. Find out how to obtain one in the operating system you use. On my Mac I can use the option (alt) key and the hyphen key. On more modern Macs or the iPhone I just hold the hyphen key down and get a choice. On Windows or Android it must be possible — Google for it.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:22
@MattGutting — Whether or not it is the answer to the question, "1923 - " is incorrect. It should be "1923–" — en dash and no space after the first date.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:25
add a comment |
2
@EdwinAshworth To clarify, you mean (e.g.) "1923 - ".
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
... That is correct.
– Edwin Ashworth
Dec 24 '14 at 0:03
If you have any pretensions to writing, and this is suggested by your question, never use "--". This is not English punctuation, but a typwriter or text-only substitute for a print en dash. Find out how to obtain one in the operating system you use. On my Mac I can use the option (alt) key and the hyphen key. On more modern Macs or the iPhone I just hold the hyphen key down and get a choice. On Windows or Android it must be possible — Google for it.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:22
@MattGutting — Whether or not it is the answer to the question, "1923 - " is incorrect. It should be "1923–" — en dash and no space after the first date.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:25
2
2
@EdwinAshworth To clarify, you mean (e.g.) "1923 - ".
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
@EdwinAshworth To clarify, you mean (e.g.) "1923 - ".
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
... That is correct.
– Edwin Ashworth
Dec 24 '14 at 0:03
... That is correct.
– Edwin Ashworth
Dec 24 '14 at 0:03
If you have any pretensions to writing, and this is suggested by your question, never use "--". This is not English punctuation, but a typwriter or text-only substitute for a print en dash. Find out how to obtain one in the operating system you use. On my Mac I can use the option (alt) key and the hyphen key. On more modern Macs or the iPhone I just hold the hyphen key down and get a choice. On Windows or Android it must be possible — Google for it.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:22
If you have any pretensions to writing, and this is suggested by your question, never use "--". This is not English punctuation, but a typwriter or text-only substitute for a print en dash. Find out how to obtain one in the operating system you use. On my Mac I can use the option (alt) key and the hyphen key. On more modern Macs or the iPhone I just hold the hyphen key down and get a choice. On Windows or Android it must be possible — Google for it.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:22
@MattGutting — Whether or not it is the answer to the question, "1923 - " is incorrect. It should be "1923–" — en dash and no space after the first date.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:25
@MattGutting — Whether or not it is the answer to the question, "1923 - " is incorrect. It should be "1923–" — en dash and no space after the first date.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:25
add a comment |
4 Answers
4
active
oldest
votes
up vote
4
down vote
accepted
For a person for whom both dates are known, use the form “1923–2003” (preferably, per CMS, with an en dash, not hyphen, double hyphen, or em dash); for one still living, just write “b. 1923.”
answered Dec 23 '14 at 20:14
Brian Donovan
13.5k12459
What's "CMS"? would you mind quoting the relevant information?
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 20:21
3
Chicago Manual of Style. My copies are both at work, and it's not on the Web, but back when I copy-edited for SUNY Press I learned that rule solidly, even though I cannot quote CMS on the subject from memory. MLA (Modern Language Association) seems to use hyphens for number ranges in their own style manual, but that manual does not explicitly address the issue of which mark to use.
– Brian Donovan
Dec 23 '14 at 20:29
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
For a person still alive you write (1955-); for a person who has died you write (1955-2012). Make sure you don't put spaces around your hyphen. Their dates should count as one word only in your essay count. (Source: I'm a uni student and have written a few essays by now).
Now I'd like to know what you put if you can't find their year of birth anywhere online or in books! (N.d.) or what?? :(
answered Apr 23 at 21:06
bouchra
111
This is the place for considered and substantiated answers not further questions. And welcome to EL&U.
– Nigel J
Apr 23 at 21:21
@bouchra ~ Welcome to English Language & Usage Stack Exchange! Thanks for taking the time to contribute an answer. It’s because of helpful peers like yourself that we’re able to learn together as a community. Here are a few tips on how to make your answer great: english.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer
– Bread
Apr 23 at 22:39
add a comment |
up vote
0
down vote
Are we required to provide the date of birth and death everytime we mention the person in a paper?
answered 1 hour ago
Salwa
1
New contributor
Salwa is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
1
This does not provide an answer to the question. Once you have sufficient reputation you will be able to comment on any post; instead, provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker. - From Review
– tmgr
26 mins ago
add a comment |
up vote
-2
down vote
I would want to replace the '???' because this implies that the person's date of death is unknown. Certainly, if they haven't died, this statement is true, but it implies that they have died and we just don't know when.
I would opt to use '1988-Present.' Google a date-present, e.g. "1958-present" and you'll see this format is used to tell the history of organizations which began in 1958 and are still in operation today. It doesn't mean they died at the present moment, or time of writing - I really don't think it's read in that way.
Wikipedia avoids this issue for biographical pages by having a "Born" subsection within the fact sheet; i.e. it does not use the date-date convention. But in other contexts, for example this band, the "years present" is listed as "1988-present": http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_Jones
Hope this helps.
answered Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
agmyles
272
3
Your first paragraph is entirely correct, but your second is well off target. It is not used for living people, precisely because it would mean 'Died just now'.
– TimLymington
Dec 23 '14 at 20:19
add a comment |
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4 Answers
4
active
oldest
votes
4 Answers
4
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
up vote
4
down vote
accepted
For a person for whom both dates are known, use the form “1923–2003” (preferably, per CMS, with an en dash, not hyphen, double hyphen, or em dash); for one still living, just write “b. 1923.”
answered Dec 23 '14 at 20:14
Brian Donovan
13.5k12459
What's "CMS"? would you mind quoting the relevant information?
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 20:21
3
Chicago Manual of Style. My copies are both at work, and it's not on the Web, but back when I copy-edited for SUNY Press I learned that rule solidly, even though I cannot quote CMS on the subject from memory. MLA (Modern Language Association) seems to use hyphens for number ranges in their own style manual, but that manual does not explicitly address the issue of which mark to use.
– Brian Donovan
Dec 23 '14 at 20:29
add a comment |
up vote
4
down vote
accepted
For a person for whom both dates are known, use the form “1923–2003” (preferably, per CMS, with an en dash, not hyphen, double hyphen, or em dash); for one still living, just write “b. 1923.”
answered Dec 23 '14 at 20:14
Brian Donovan
13.5k12459
What's "CMS"? would you mind quoting the relevant information?
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 20:21
3
Chicago Manual of Style. My copies are both at work, and it's not on the Web, but back when I copy-edited for SUNY Press I learned that rule solidly, even though I cannot quote CMS on the subject from memory. MLA (Modern Language Association) seems to use hyphens for number ranges in their own style manual, but that manual does not explicitly address the issue of which mark to use.
– Brian Donovan
Dec 23 '14 at 20:29
add a comment |
up vote
4
down vote
accepted
up vote
4
down vote
accepted
For a person for whom both dates are known, use the form “1923–2003” (preferably, per CMS, with an en dash, not hyphen, double hyphen, or em dash); for one still living, just write “b. 1923.”
answered Dec 23 '14 at 20:14
Brian Donovan
13.5k12459
For a person for whom both dates are known, use the form “1923–2003” (preferably, per CMS, with an en dash, not hyphen, double hyphen, or em dash); for one still living, just write “b. 1923.”
answered Dec 23 '14 at 20:14
Brian Donovan
13.5k12459
answered Dec 23 '14 at 20:14
Brian Donovan
13.5k12459
answered Dec 23 '14 at 20:14
Brian Donovan
13.5k12459
answered Dec 23 '14 at 20:14
Brian Donovan
13.5k12459
13.5k12459
What's "CMS"? would you mind quoting the relevant information?
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 20:21
3
Chicago Manual of Style. My copies are both at work, and it's not on the Web, but back when I copy-edited for SUNY Press I learned that rule solidly, even though I cannot quote CMS on the subject from memory. MLA (Modern Language Association) seems to use hyphens for number ranges in their own style manual, but that manual does not explicitly address the issue of which mark to use.
– Brian Donovan
Dec 23 '14 at 20:29
add a comment |
What's "CMS"? would you mind quoting the relevant information?
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 20:21
3
Chicago Manual of Style. My copies are both at work, and it's not on the Web, but back when I copy-edited for SUNY Press I learned that rule solidly, even though I cannot quote CMS on the subject from memory. MLA (Modern Language Association) seems to use hyphens for number ranges in their own style manual, but that manual does not explicitly address the issue of which mark to use.
– Brian Donovan
Dec 23 '14 at 20:29
What's "CMS"? would you mind quoting the relevant information?
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 20:21
What's "CMS"? would you mind quoting the relevant information?
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 20:21
3
3
Chicago Manual of Style. My copies are both at work, and it's not on the Web, but back when I copy-edited for SUNY Press I learned that rule solidly, even though I cannot quote CMS on the subject from memory. MLA (Modern Language Association) seems to use hyphens for number ranges in their own style manual, but that manual does not explicitly address the issue of which mark to use.
– Brian Donovan
Dec 23 '14 at 20:29
Chicago Manual of Style. My copies are both at work, and it's not on the Web, but back when I copy-edited for SUNY Press I learned that rule solidly, even though I cannot quote CMS on the subject from memory. MLA (Modern Language Association) seems to use hyphens for number ranges in their own style manual, but that manual does not explicitly address the issue of which mark to use.
– Brian Donovan
Dec 23 '14 at 20:29
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
For a person still alive you write (1955-); for a person who has died you write (1955-2012). Make sure you don't put spaces around your hyphen. Their dates should count as one word only in your essay count. (Source: I'm a uni student and have written a few essays by now).
Now I'd like to know what you put if you can't find their year of birth anywhere online or in books! (N.d.) or what?? :(
answered Apr 23 at 21:06
bouchra
111
This is the place for considered and substantiated answers not further questions. And welcome to EL&U.
– Nigel J
Apr 23 at 21:21
@bouchra ~ Welcome to English Language & Usage Stack Exchange! Thanks for taking the time to contribute an answer. It’s because of helpful peers like yourself that we’re able to learn together as a community. Here are a few tips on how to make your answer great: english.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer
– Bread
Apr 23 at 22:39
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
For a person still alive you write (1955-); for a person who has died you write (1955-2012). Make sure you don't put spaces around your hyphen. Their dates should count as one word only in your essay count. (Source: I'm a uni student and have written a few essays by now).
Now I'd like to know what you put if you can't find their year of birth anywhere online or in books! (N.d.) or what?? :(
answered Apr 23 at 21:06
bouchra
111
This is the place for considered and substantiated answers not further questions. And welcome to EL&U.
– Nigel J
Apr 23 at 21:21
@bouchra ~ Welcome to English Language & Usage Stack Exchange! Thanks for taking the time to contribute an answer. It’s because of helpful peers like yourself that we’re able to learn together as a community. Here are a few tips on how to make your answer great: english.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer
– Bread
Apr 23 at 22:39
add a comment |
up vote
1
down vote
up vote
1
down vote
For a person still alive you write (1955-); for a person who has died you write (1955-2012). Make sure you don't put spaces around your hyphen. Their dates should count as one word only in your essay count. (Source: I'm a uni student and have written a few essays by now).
Now I'd like to know what you put if you can't find their year of birth anywhere online or in books! (N.d.) or what?? :(
answered Apr 23 at 21:06
bouchra
111
For a person still alive you write (1955-); for a person who has died you write (1955-2012). Make sure you don't put spaces around your hyphen. Their dates should count as one word only in your essay count. (Source: I'm a uni student and have written a few essays by now).
Now I'd like to know what you put if you can't find their year of birth anywhere online or in books! (N.d.) or what?? :(
answered Apr 23 at 21:06
bouchra
111
answered Apr 23 at 21:06
bouchra
111
answered Apr 23 at 21:06
bouchra
111
answered Apr 23 at 21:06
bouchra
111
111
This is the place for considered and substantiated answers not further questions. And welcome to EL&U.
– Nigel J
Apr 23 at 21:21
@bouchra ~ Welcome to English Language & Usage Stack Exchange! Thanks for taking the time to contribute an answer. It’s because of helpful peers like yourself that we’re able to learn together as a community. Here are a few tips on how to make your answer great: english.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer
– Bread
Apr 23 at 22:39
add a comment |
This is the place for considered and substantiated answers not further questions. And welcome to EL&U.
– Nigel J
Apr 23 at 21:21
@bouchra ~ Welcome to English Language & Usage Stack Exchange! Thanks for taking the time to contribute an answer. It’s because of helpful peers like yourself that we’re able to learn together as a community. Here are a few tips on how to make your answer great: english.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer
– Bread
Apr 23 at 22:39
This is the place for considered and substantiated answers not further questions. And welcome to EL&U.
– Nigel J
Apr 23 at 21:21
This is the place for considered and substantiated answers not further questions. And welcome to EL&U.
– Nigel J
Apr 23 at 21:21
@bouchra ~ Welcome to English Language & Usage Stack Exchange! Thanks for taking the time to contribute an answer. It’s because of helpful peers like yourself that we’re able to learn together as a community. Here are a few tips on how to make your answer great: english.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer
– Bread
Apr 23 at 22:39
@bouchra ~ Welcome to English Language & Usage Stack Exchange! Thanks for taking the time to contribute an answer. It’s because of helpful peers like yourself that we’re able to learn together as a community. Here are a few tips on how to make your answer great: english.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer
– Bread
Apr 23 at 22:39
add a comment |
up vote
0
down vote
Are we required to provide the date of birth and death everytime we mention the person in a paper?
answered 1 hour ago
Salwa
1
New contributor
Salwa is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
1
This does not provide an answer to the question. Once you have sufficient reputation you will be able to comment on any post; instead, provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker. - From Review
– tmgr
26 mins ago
add a comment |
up vote
0
down vote
Are we required to provide the date of birth and death everytime we mention the person in a paper?
answered 1 hour ago
Salwa
1
New contributor
Salwa is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
1
This does not provide an answer to the question. Once you have sufficient reputation you will be able to comment on any post; instead, provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker. - From Review
– tmgr
26 mins ago
add a comment |
up vote
0
down vote
up vote
0
down vote
Are we required to provide the date of birth and death everytime we mention the person in a paper?
answered 1 hour ago
Salwa
1
New contributor
Salwa is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
Are we required to provide the date of birth and death everytime we mention the person in a paper?
answered 1 hour ago
Salwa
1
New contributor
Salwa is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
answered 1 hour ago
Salwa
1
New contributor
Salwa is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
answered 1 hour ago
Salwa
1
answered 1 hour ago
Salwa
1
1
New contributor
Salwa is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
New contributor
Salwa is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
Salwa is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.
1
This does not provide an answer to the question. Once you have sufficient reputation you will be able to comment on any post; instead, provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker. - From Review
– tmgr
26 mins ago
add a comment |
1
This does not provide an answer to the question. Once you have sufficient reputation you will be able to comment on any post; instead, provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker. - From Review
– tmgr
26 mins ago
1
1
This does not provide an answer to the question. Once you have sufficient reputation you will be able to comment on any post; instead, provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker. - From Review
– tmgr
26 mins ago
This does not provide an answer to the question. Once you have sufficient reputation you will be able to comment on any post; instead, provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker. - From Review
– tmgr
26 mins ago
add a comment |
up vote
-2
down vote
I would want to replace the '???' because this implies that the person's date of death is unknown. Certainly, if they haven't died, this statement is true, but it implies that they have died and we just don't know when.
I would opt to use '1988-Present.' Google a date-present, e.g. "1958-present" and you'll see this format is used to tell the history of organizations which began in 1958 and are still in operation today. It doesn't mean they died at the present moment, or time of writing - I really don't think it's read in that way.
Wikipedia avoids this issue for biographical pages by having a "Born" subsection within the fact sheet; i.e. it does not use the date-date convention. But in other contexts, for example this band, the "years present" is listed as "1988-present": http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_Jones
Hope this helps.
answered Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
agmyles
272
3
Your first paragraph is entirely correct, but your second is well off target. It is not used for living people, precisely because it would mean 'Died just now'.
– TimLymington
Dec 23 '14 at 20:19
add a comment |
up vote
-2
down vote
I would want to replace the '???' because this implies that the person's date of death is unknown. Certainly, if they haven't died, this statement is true, but it implies that they have died and we just don't know when.
I would opt to use '1988-Present.' Google a date-present, e.g. "1958-present" and you'll see this format is used to tell the history of organizations which began in 1958 and are still in operation today. It doesn't mean they died at the present moment, or time of writing - I really don't think it's read in that way.
Wikipedia avoids this issue for biographical pages by having a "Born" subsection within the fact sheet; i.e. it does not use the date-date convention. But in other contexts, for example this band, the "years present" is listed as "1988-present": http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_Jones
Hope this helps.
answered Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
agmyles
272
3
Your first paragraph is entirely correct, but your second is well off target. It is not used for living people, precisely because it would mean 'Died just now'.
– TimLymington
Dec 23 '14 at 20:19
add a comment |
up vote
-2
down vote
up vote
-2
down vote
I would want to replace the '???' because this implies that the person's date of death is unknown. Certainly, if they haven't died, this statement is true, but it implies that they have died and we just don't know when.
I would opt to use '1988-Present.' Google a date-present, e.g. "1958-present" and you'll see this format is used to tell the history of organizations which began in 1958 and are still in operation today. It doesn't mean they died at the present moment, or time of writing - I really don't think it's read in that way.
Wikipedia avoids this issue for biographical pages by having a "Born" subsection within the fact sheet; i.e. it does not use the date-date convention. But in other contexts, for example this band, the "years present" is listed as "1988-present": http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_Jones
Hope this helps.
answered Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
agmyles
272
I would want to replace the '???' because this implies that the person's date of death is unknown. Certainly, if they haven't died, this statement is true, but it implies that they have died and we just don't know when.
I would opt to use '1988-Present.' Google a date-present, e.g. "1958-present" and you'll see this format is used to tell the history of organizations which began in 1958 and are still in operation today. It doesn't mean they died at the present moment, or time of writing - I really don't think it's read in that way.
Wikipedia avoids this issue for biographical pages by having a "Born" subsection within the fact sheet; i.e. it does not use the date-date convention. But in other contexts, for example this band, the "years present" is listed as "1988-present": http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_Jones
Hope this helps.
answered Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
agmyles
272
answered Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
agmyles
272
answered Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
agmyles
272
answered Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
agmyles
272
272
3
Your first paragraph is entirely correct, but your second is well off target. It is not used for living people, precisely because it would mean 'Died just now'.
– TimLymington
Dec 23 '14 at 20:19
add a comment |
3
Your first paragraph is entirely correct, but your second is well off target. It is not used for living people, precisely because it would mean 'Died just now'.
– TimLymington
Dec 23 '14 at 20:19
3
3
Your first paragraph is entirely correct, but your second is well off target. It is not used for living people, precisely because it would mean 'Died just now'.
– TimLymington
Dec 23 '14 at 20:19
Your first paragraph is entirely correct, but your second is well off target. It is not used for living people, precisely because it would mean 'Died just now'.
– TimLymington
Dec 23 '14 at 20:19
add a comment |
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@EdwinAshworth To clarify, you mean (e.g.) "1923 - ".
– Matt Gutting
Dec 23 '14 at 19:41
... That is correct.
– Edwin Ashworth
Dec 24 '14 at 0:03
If you have any pretensions to writing, and this is suggested by your question, never use "--". This is not English punctuation, but a typwriter or text-only substitute for a print en dash. Find out how to obtain one in the operating system you use. On my Mac I can use the option (alt) key and the hyphen key. On more modern Macs or the iPhone I just hold the hyphen key down and get a choice. On Windows or Android it must be possible — Google for it.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:22
@MattGutting — Whether or not it is the answer to the question, "1923 - " is incorrect. It should be "1923–" — en dash and no space after the first date.
– David
Apr 23 at 22:25