Qfyilyi

documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}

usepackage{color}

usepackage[turkish]{babel}

usepackage{graphicx}

usepackage{tabularx}

usepackage{multirow}

usepackage{graphicx}





%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

begin{figure}

  includegraphics[width=3cm, height=4cm]{2.pdf}

end{figure}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

The error message is:

Missing endcsname inserted.

relax
l.334 ...udegraphics[width=3cm, height=4cm]{1.jpg}

but, if add only a picture, then it is ok.

documentclass{article}



usepackage{graphicx}



begin{document}



begin{figure}

  includegraphics[width=3cm, height=4cm]{1.jpg}

end{figure}



end{document}

This is ok. But why does the first one give an error message?

By default the turkish language option makes = into an active character, essentially ruining any key=val interface (as they assume = to be a normal character).

The standard method of dealing with this is shorthandoff{...}:

documentclass{article}



usepackage[turkish]{babel}

usepackage{graphicx}



begin{document}

Used like this, it temporarily (inside this figure env) deactivates = making it behave normally, thus width=3cm works again.

The documentation for turkish babel (texdoc babel-turkish) mentions that the activation of = is potentially dangerous, and you can use

usepackage[turkish,shorthands=:!]{babel}

to just active :!, leaving = alone.